Hi
For 1d think of 2 Italian words - 1st means 'How' 2nd means 'With'.
Put together as a 7 letter 'word/acronym' to give an East European entity (red = communist)
Weardale #86
Where did 34ac Pheasants come from?
34ac is a 3 letter answer; Mr Bevan as hinted at by ixion #82.